What Is Stress free essay sample

Stress is your bodys way of responding to any kind of demand. It can be caused by both good and bad experiences. When people feel stressed by something going on around them, their bodies react by releasing chemicals into the blood. These chemicals give people more energy and strength, which can be a good thing if their stress is caused by physical danger. But this can also be a bad thing, if their stress is in response to something emotional and there is no outlet for this extra energy and strength. This class will discuss different causes of stress, how stress affects you, the ifference between good or positive stress and bad or negative stress, and some common facts about how stress affects people today. What Causes Stress? Many different things can cause stress from physical (such as fear of something dangerous) to emotional (such as worry over your family or Job. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Stress or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ) Identifying what may be causing you stress is often the first step in learning how to better deal with your stress. Some of the most common sources of stress are: Survival Stress You may have heard the phrase fight or flight before. This is a common response to danger n all people and animals. When you are afraid that someone or something may physically hurt you, your body naturally responds with a burst of energy so that you will be better able to survive the dangerous situation (fight) or escape it all together (flight). This is survival stress. Internal Stress Have you ever caught yourself worrying about things you can do nothing about or worrying for no reason at all? This is internal stress and it is one of the most important kinds of stress to understand and manage. Internal stress is when people make themselves stressed. This often appens when we worry about things we cant control or put ourselves in situations we know will cause us stress. Some people become addicted to the kind of hurried, tense, lifestyle that results from being under stress. They even look for stressful situations and feel stress about things that arent stressful. Environmental Stress This is a response to things around you that cause stress, such as noise, crowding, and pressure from work or family. Identifying these environmental stresses and learning to avoid them or deal with them will help lower your stress level. Fatigue nd Overwork This kind of stress builds up over a long time and can take a hard toll on your body. It can be caused by working too much or too hard at your Job(s), school, or home. It can also be caused by not knowing how to manage your time well or how to take time out for rest and relaxation. This can be one of the hardest kinds of stress to avoid because many people feel this is out of their control. Later in this course we will show you that you DO have options and offer some useful tips for dealing with fatigue. How Does Stress Affect You? stress can become tired, sick, and unable to concentrate or think clearly. Sometimes, they even suffer mental breakdowns. [pic] AS a student, Im sure you often feel stressed when exams are around the corner. But do you know what the symptoms of having stress are? There are four types of symptoms for a person who is under stress: Cognitive symptoms. For example memory problems, inability to concentrate, poor Judgment, seeing only the negative, being anxious or having racing thoughts, and constant worrying. Ђ Behavioural symptoms. Examples are eating more or less, sleeping too much or too little, isolating yourself from others, procrastinating or neglecting responsibilities, sing alcohol, cigarettes, or drugs to relax and developing nervous habits (e. g. nail biting, pacing). Emotional symptoms. Examples are moodiness, irritability or short temper, agitation, inability to relax, feeling overwhelmed, a sense of loneliness and isolation and depression or g eneral unhappiness. Physical symptoms.

The will of the majority is naturally powerful in a democracy essays

The will of the majority is naturally powerful in a democracy essays The will of the majority is naturally powerful in a democracy. Most American constitutions have strengthened this natural power even further by providing that representatives to the legislatures are appointed directly by the people for short terms (such that the legislature is very ready to obey the wishes of the majority), and then by concentrating almost all of the powers of government in the legislatures. The majority derives its moral authority from the notion that: (1) a great number will tend to be more enlightened than a small group of men; and (2) the interest of the greatest number should be preferred to that of the few. Primarily, however, Americans accept the power of the majority because they all hope to profit from it someday. This gives the majority immense power. There is nothing to stop the majority once it has decided on a course of action. Further, once the majority has irrevocably decided a question, it is no longer discussed. This is because the majority is a power that does not respond well to criticism. Those who hold views different than the majority are ostricised. There is little independence of mind or true freedom of discussion in America. The modern American tends to conform to the ideas of the majority rather than rebel against them. The powers granted to the majority in America leave the minority in danger of being subjected to tyranny. There are very few checks in America against this possibility. To minimize the risks of tyranny, the legislature should be chosen by the majority, the executive must have a strength of its own, and the judicial power must be independent of the two others. This is not the situation in most American States. The potential for misuse of the power of the majority is the greatest threat to American political institutions. Misuse of power often leads to a loss of that power through a revolution. Although the American governments are centralized, ...

Stephen Hawking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stephen Hawking - Essay Example His most important contributions were to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity, especially in the context of black holes. Stephen Hawking, who has been spending his career contemplating the nature of gravity from a wheelchair, is renowned as the co-founder of the Bing Bang theory of origin of the universe and he has made immense contribution to the theoretical understanding of black holes and other space-time singularities, including the strings and worm holes. "Where did the universe come from What happened before its beginning Will it end What will happen after that What, then, is the true nature of time These are the questions that have absorbed theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, widely regarded as the most brilliant physicist since Albert Einstein, and possibly of all time." (Haven and Clark, 251) Apart from his significant role in establishment of the Bing Bang theory and the theoretical understanding of black holes and other space-time singularities, Hawking has been inspirational in the study of the bizarre workings of a relative, curving space-time. "More than any other individual, Stephen Hawking has both brought the reality of the vast universe into our consciousness and significantly advanced our theoretical understanding of major cosmic events." (Haven and Clark, 251-2) Therefore, the paramount importance of Stephen Hawking as the most prominent contributor to the contemporary physics, particularly the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity is indubitable and this paper makes a reflective investigation into the major contributions by this luminary figure in physics today. In an understanding of the major contributions by Stephen Hawking, it becomes lucid that his breakthroughs in cosmology and quantum gravity still remain a great mystery to the contemporary scholars. It was in the fall of 1973 that Hawking found himself fascinated in a horrific and embarrassing calculation which resulted in significant theories of quantum gravity in the context of black holes. "Attempting to investigate the microscopic properties of black holes, the gravitational traps from which not even light can escape, Dr. Hawking discovered to his disbelief that they could leak energy and particles into space, and even explode in a fountain of high-energy sparks His colleagues were dazzled and mystified Nearly 30 years later, they are still mystified They are ideas that touch on just about every bone-jarring abstruse concept in modern physics." (Overbye, 2002) The colleagues of Hawking were first dazzled and mystified when he reported his findings in the journal Nature, under the title, "Black Hole Explosions" They are still mystified when his ideas generated by his calculation and its consequences were at the center stage in a workshop titled "The Future of Theoretical Physics and Cosmology." Therefore, Black holes still remain fundamentally as enigmatic objects and the discovery of black hole radiation by Hawking has been of essential significance to that connection. Hawking has often been perplexed about his findings with regard to black holes and he asserted 30 years since his original divisive pronouncements that he had been wrong in making the earlier assertion about black holes, the terrifying gravitational abysses that can swallow matter and energy. Previously, there was

How my parent motivate me to study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

How my parent motivate me to study - Essay Example [My parents provide me with insights on how to improve in my studies by talking to me and asking me my experiences in various subjects.] [The information I give to them helps them to create solutions on how to strengthen my weak areas and improve in my studies.] [My parents also provide me with the tips necessary for studying especially using their experiences while they were in school.] [Despite being discouraged after failing to meet my study objectives,] [my parents comfort me and help me set new targets that were not only achievable,] [but targets that are also realistic.] [Although it is the responsibility of all parents to meet the needs of their children,] [it is evident that not all parents meet the needs of their students.] [However, my parents ensure that all my needs at home and in school are catered for, which makes my school life easy and motivate me to

Lactic acid and ethanol fermentation Lab Report

Lactic acid and ethanol fermentation - Lab Report Example The presence of CO2, released as the waste product is responsible for its foam like expansion as it forms bubbles in the dough. Ethanol, on the other hand evaporates from the dough completely after the bread is fully baked (Kratz, 2005). Ethanol fermentation that is carried out by yeast is employed for the production of nearly all beverages containing alcohol except for those produced by maceration of carbon. In addition, the production of wines and brandies is carried out by the process involving fermentation of natural sugar of fruits, especially that of grapes. While beers, ales and whiskeys are produced by the fermentation of grain starches that is converted to sugar by application of enzymes called amylase that is present in germinated grain kernels. Vodka is produced by the fermentation of amylase-treated grains or potatoes, while the first step involved in the production of rum is the fermentation of cane sugar. In each and every process the fermentation must take place in a v essel that is specifically arranged to allow CO2 to escape, but at the same time preventing the external air from coming in, as formation of ethanol can only take place in absence of oxygen. The yet another use of yeast fermentation of various carbohydrate products is to produce ethanol that can be used for the fuels. Ethanol fuel is ethyl alcohol, the same type of alcohol which is found in alcoholic beverages. It is mostly used as biofuels additive for gasoline in motor fuels (alcohol and you). Method and materials used for making wine For making wine, grapes or berries are crushed, depending upon the type of wine that is to be made. Yeast is then added to this mush of crushed fruits that consumes the sugars... The historic uses of fermentation were mostly the creation of alcoholic beverages such as mead, wine and beer, which date back to 7, 000 BC in some parts of Middle East. However, the fermentation of food items such as milk and other vegetables was experimented almost thousand years later. In 1857, Louis Pasteur, a French Chemist connected yeast to fermentation and defined it as respiration without air. Later, in 1907, Eduard Buchner, the German chemist found out that fermentation is actually caused by yeast secretions which can even take place outside the living cells. In 1920s, scientist discovered that extracts of muscle catalyze the formation of lactate from glucose in the absence of air. They also revealed that fermentation reactions are not peculiar to the action of yeast but can also occur in many other cases of glucose utilization. For making wine, grapes or berries are crushed, depending upon the type of wine that is to be made. Yeast is then added to this mush of crushed fruits that consumes the sugars released in their juices. A 5 gms packet of dry yeast or 35 ml to 175 ml of liquid yeast would be the right amount for making 5 gallons of wine.

Positive Focused Strategic Leadership Business Essay

Positive Focused Strategic Leadership Business Essay Mark Zuckerberg has shown himself to be a visionary leader, and it is that vision and the willingness to face whatever was put in front of him that has made Facebook the fastest growing social network website on the planet. Zuckerberg is not leading these events alone. In fact, fellow executives and video presentations are playing a significant part in the briefings. But there is no doubt that he is the main attraction. He is the person that potential investors most want to see. Although Zuckerberg is one of those CEOs who symbolize the values of his organization, he also appears keen that his colleagues do the same. Sharing leadership responsibility is a critical challenge for any CEO during a period of growth or change. Although investors are attracted to Zuckerberg and are expected to flock to the IPO, many will be feeling nervous about whether his leadership style can adapt to meet the needs of shareholders. Amongst his admirers are those who feel uneasy about his majority control and are unsure about his strategic focus. The CEO appears to be skilled at connecting with a wide range of people and balances openness, informality and a bit of nerdy quirkiness with structure and ambition. He has said in the past that he is here to build something for the long term. Zuckerberg has made mistakes. He has talked openly about them and learned from them. For example, privacy issues with the introduction of Facebooks first news feed led to one user starting a group called Students against Facebook news feed which quickly gained 750,000 users in one what. What did Zuckerberg do? He personally apologized to the groups founder and asked him for advice. He made new allies and turned a PR disaster into a positive story, which only encouraged people to engage with Facebook even more enthusiastically. Positive Focused Strategic Leadership The concept of PFSL suggests a hybrid of positive psychology and strategic leadership, which can replace Zuckerbergs Transactional style. Business leaders must also be psychological practitioners that analyze their own management techniques. Management could be argued to be a second condition of leadership, requiring leaders to have genuine human experiences when interacting with their workforce. This means at some point a leader manages someone or something. The main question is how does one lead and manage at the same time? Perhaps this question is best answered through the concept of positive psychology. Transactional Leadership To better understand the theoretical concept of any leadership style, it is imperative not to hold an intrinsic value to one notion because social sciences warrant the need for it. This means that there are no absolutes in leadership theory that best identifies a leader. Rather there is contrast and spectrums of various theoretical models and integrations. However, TL theory is based on contingent rewards for subordinates by controlling behaviors via leaders expectations. In contrast, the leaders expectations are ultimately fulfilled by what is best for him or her as the overarching goal of the group. This means the underlining motive of both leaders and subordinates are solely based on contingencies (e.g. money) and values individualism. Therefore, it can be argued that this does not serve as an ideal model for sustainability. A Leadership Analysis of Mark Zuckerberg Founder and CEO of Facebook Mark Zuckerbergs leadership style through a case study format as a contrast between trait and process leadership approaches. These approaches are also compared to Zuckerbergs transactional leadership (TL) style, which is considered to be negative one. A guideline on how Zuckerberg can maintain his position of power and influence through Positive Focus Strategic Leadership (PFSL) is also discussed as a replacement leadership approach. PFSL is a synthesis of positive and strategic leadership psychological theories. This analysis and application is imperative because Zuckerberg has recently emerged as one of the major global financial leaders, as Facebooks CEO and co-founder. Therefore, Zuckerberg needs to be considered an influential entity and person. This may also suggest future leadership trends based on his level of control and influence. To some extent, Facebook (FB), a tool used to promote socialization, may be considered the alter ego of Zuckerberg since he has historically been known to be a little socially awkward. This brilliant innovation could be the result of a social skill deficit, which may be determined to be the best skill deficit of all time. For starters, he is only 27 years old and could be considered an infant in comparison to the experiences of his CEO counterparts. In addition, he has the ability to influence 10% of the worlds population and there is little known of Zuckerberg, the leader. Tim Cook When  Tim Cook  took over Apple following Steve Jobs death, many wondered what kind of leader he would be. We knew he was strong at executing on the operations behind Jobs technology and design brilliance. We knew he had been an able and competent manager whod earned the respect of Wall Street during Jobs health absences. And since taking over the company, weve learned that hes willing to do things  Jobs was against, such as making investors and employees happy with stock-buyback and charitable-giving programs. With the  announcement of a surprise  management shake-up, we got an even better picture of what kind of leader Cook will be: one who isnt too proud to admit his mistakes, and expects his team to be willing to do the same. Here are a few takeaways from Cooks leadership style: 1. Diversity of leadership is massively important: The idea behind this philosophy is that people bring lots of different experiences to the table, and companies that can harness the most amounts of creative experiences will be more innovative in their approach to business. Cook very explicitly recognizes that fact, and has made diversity a cornerstone of his management philosophy.   We want diversity of thought, he says. We want diversity of style. We want people to be themselves. Its this great thing about Apple. You dont have to be somebody else. You dont have to put on a face when you go to work and be something different. But the thing that ties us all is were brought together by values. We want to do the right thing. We want to be honest and straightforward. We admit when were wrong and have the courage to change. 2. Transparency is key: Cook knew transparency would be key. With harsh criticism about the standards of Apples global employees (especially through their manufacturing partners at Foxconn), Cook opened the doors and invited the world to see how Apples operations really worked. By doing this, he not only created goodwill around the company, but set industry standards for other manufacturers. Our transparency in supplier responsibility is an example of recognizing that the more transparent we are, the bigger difference we would make, Cook says. We want to be as innovative with supply responsibility as we are with our products. Thats a high bar. The more transparent we are, the more its in the public space. 3. Read customer emails. (If anything, it humbles you.):- You think you understand your customersbut do you? Even Tim Cook, head of the worlds most valuable company, carves out time to walk around company stores and read customer e-mails.   Ill walk around our stores, he says. You can learn a tremendous amount in a store. I get a lot of e-mails and so forth, but its a different dimension when youre in a store and talking to customers face to face. You get the vibe of the placeNot allowing yourself to become insular is very important-maybe the most important thing, I think, as a CEO. 4. You can only do a few things great.- Considering the size of Apple, its pretty remarkable to think about how few products the company  actually  creates. I mean, if you really look at it, we have four iPods. We have two main iPhones. We have two iPads, and we have a few Macs. Thats it, he says. The point is: focus on what you do best, and do it the best you can.  We argue and debate like crazy about what were going to do, because we know that we can only do a few things great, he says. At the right time, well keep disrupting and keep discovering new things that people didnt know they wanted. 5. Admit youre wrong: Ultimately, Cooks advice for entrepreneurs and CEOs is advice thats pretty helpful for anyone, really. So many people, particularly, I think, CEOs and top executives, they get so planted in their old ideas, and they refuse or dont have the courage to admit that theyre now wrong, he says. Maybe the most underappreciated thing about Steve was that he had the courage to change his mind. And you know-its a talent. Its a talent. Word Counter: 1,527 Bibliography articles.washingtonpost.com. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 8, 2013, from http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-10-31/national/35500675_1_john-browett-scott-forstall-craig-federighi: articles.washingtonpost.com dovbaron.com. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 8, 2013, from http://dovbaron.com/2011/01/28/zuckerberg-leadership/: http://dovbaron.com/2011/01/28/zuckerberg-leadership/ www.inc.com. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 8, 2013, from http://www.inc.com/eric-markowitz/tim-cooks-message-for-ceos-admit-when-youre-wrong.html: www.inc.com www.managementtoday.co.uk. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 8, 2013, from http://www.managementtoday.co.uk/opinion/1131649/Leadership-lessons-Facebooks-Mark-Zuckerberg/: http://www.managementtoday.co.uk/opinion/1131649/Leadership-lessons-Facebooks-Mark-Zuckerberg/ www.wired.com. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 8, 2013, from http://www.wired.com/business/2012/03/opinion_kogutkim-apple-green/: http://www.wired.com/business/2012/03/opinion_kogutkim-apple-green/ Mini Essay 2 Cultural Awareness In this new era, cultural awareness is a very important factor to become a better and successful leader. Why cultural awareness is important because if you want to do any business or even a job you have to have a strong knowledge of culture otherwise you want be able to do run a business or do a job successfully. But when it comes to problem solving, one of the benefits of a diverse workforce to increase today, it is to bring innovation creative ideas, and new perspectives. To take advantage of employees skill leader must have a cultural awareness. Here in New Zealand managed organization leaders have a solid knowledge of different cultures and to maintain peace and stability in the organization. Treaty of Waitangi is also very cross culture issue in New Zealand it was signed between Hobson and over 500 Maori leaders at that time February 6, 1840 was signed. In this contract Maori have agreed that the immigrants can come and live here in New Zealand. The Treaty of Waitangi is very sensitive issue, as in New Zealand. So there are many issues related to the Treaty of Waitangi in the previous year. This issue needs more attention as it is very sensitive in terms of cultural awareness. Cultural awareness leads to peace like in New Zealand people from different countries and working together which means it broaden the opportunity of learning various migrated and working together which means it broaden the opportunity of learning various cultures and firm the bond between different cultures. In New Zealand where Maori Language is national language and various things in this country happens according to Maori culture which means it respects the very native culture of this land for example Haka dance which someway known as war dance is performed before every event where New Zealand is represented. Having knowledge of the other culture increases the collectivism and maintains the connection between different group of people which further helps in establishment of good relationship. A good Leader first always study the area, people inherited the area, their culture then mold his/her style of Leadership according to the environment. According to the survey by the ministry of culture and heritage that cultural consciousness has contributed to the economy of New Zealand. New Zealand government have also started some cross-cultural programmes when you start a new business or job in New Zealand and which is very important because if you have insufficient Cultural Awareness you could probably:- Compromise your work project and fail it completely. Find it difficult to build good business relationship. Make people not like you in your new location. Feel frustrated, depressed, and emotionally alone. The Importance of Cross Cultural awareness:- You get to know the requirements that are required to operate business effectively in an international environment. Intercultural awareness is accepted, to create an environment that allows the culture of each. With the aim of contributing to the behaviour in a way that enriches the outcome values, perspective, constructive. Host countrys laws, traditions and customs. Leaders must know their potential enemies can share a common interest to address. Understanding of political, economic, and cultural diversity to the international perspective. Under Leadership aspect cultural awareness plays a very vital role to maintain the balance between different cultures. For an organization, cultural awareness is a key element to diversify the business in order to lead in the marketplace as far as business view is concerned. There is a Great relevance of Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand business activities. Many traders say that it is irrelevant, but in many ways it is a good business that actually claims and whanau, hapu, and the sheep will help release the economic potential is relevant. Expenses related to the disposal of existing as real fact that just fewer than 700 million in debt. The Treaty is often the subject of heated debate, and much disagreement by both Maori and non-Maori New Zealanders. Many Maori feel that the Crown did not fulfill its obligations under the Treaty, and have presented evidence of this before sittings of the Tribunal. Some non-Maori New Zealanders have suggested that Maori may be abusing the Treaty in order to claim special privileges. The date of the signing has been  a national holiday, now called  Waitangi Day, since 1974. In last I would say that New Zealand is very small and beautiful country. In our country people should care about culture of other people who come from different countries and work to gather in one organization. Organizations today focus less on the individual and more on the team. This change has been brought about by the increasing attention of the benefits that diversity carries. Though much effort is required to successfully manage diversity, cultural awareness can serve as a stepping stone to gain employees trust, respect and cooperation. Word Counter: 822 Bibliography Inkson, K., Kolb, D. (2002). Management: Perspectives for New Zealand. Auckland: Pearson Education New Zealand Limited. lianz.waikato. (1999, 2 10). TREATY OF WAITANGI SETTLEMENT. Retrieved february 1, 2013, from http://lianz.waikato.ac.nz/PAPERS/wayne/wayne1.pdf www.woburn.co.nz. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 15, 2013, from http://www.woburn.co.nz/cross-cultural-awareness-programmes/: http://www.woburn.co.nz/cross-cultural-awareness-programmes/ Mini Essay 3 Graziella Thake-Hobday Graziella Thake-Hobday, the Founder and CEO of the Foundation for Social Responsibility New Zealand (FOStR NZ), is a former forensic and corporate psychologist with an absolute dedication to enabling the development of a better world. Born in India of Maltese and Italian decent, she grew up in over ten countries which have equipped her with the tools to easily work with people from all walks of life. Graziella uses her professional skills and passion for humanity to not only help individuals and organizations attain success, but also to give back to the communities of which we are all a part.   She spent many years practicing Forensic Psychology,  Sports and Team Psychology and Organizational Psychology, and has worked as a facilitator, advisor and leader in a number of not-for- profit and corporate entities.   Graziella travels internationally as a consultant, speaker, and for NGOs highlighting the importance of authentic leadership, conscious communication, collaborative education, and community responsibility, through the development of personal legacies. She has over 20 years experience delivering facilitation. The Conscious Academy has run the 12 programs developed by Graziella to bring this knowledge and power to the forefront of leadership, corporations and communities, through multiple brands over the last decade. The Conscious Academy is licensing globally. Graziella is: Enthusiastic, Valuable, Team Driver player, Dedicated. More recently Graziella has devoted her time to the development of the Foundation for Social Responsibility New Zealand (FOStR NZ). FOStR NZ aims to reduce and minimize negative social and economic consequences affecting society today by inspiring and measuring the social contributions made by corporate, SMEs, NGOs and individuals Specialties Graziella has an absolute dedication to enabling the development of a better world Facilitating and bringing simple solutions. A real passion and capability for providing frameworks that are attainable and sustainable for human change. Real, Passionate and approachable, both as a speaker, facilitator and consultant who brings passion, dedication, straight talking, and compassion Experience with multiple audiences, communities, needs and brands. Foundation for Social Responsibility The trust has been formed on the belief that social responsibility is everyones responsibility; it belongs to businesses large and small, boards, leaders, NGOs, communities and individuals. All of these groups contribute to and have a stake in our society, sustainable economic development and the communities that enable it. We are convinced that there are significant gaps in New Zealanders understanding of social issues, a lack of awareness of the valuable work being done, and most importantly, how they can get involved. We believe that by addressing these shortfalls we will be able to support and accelerate the growth of social responsibility initiatives in New Zealand, and in so doing make a real and measurable impact on reducing poverty. New Zealand has a myth of itself as a socially progressive country. We pride ourselves on our social policy being the first country in the world to introduce womens suffrage, universal suffrage, and our advanced social welfare policies of the depression era, homosexual law reform and more. Yet our child abuse statistics are horrendous, our prison population is third highest in the world, and 20% of our children live in poverty. These are just some of the social elements that require attention. Our message is that we need to share responsibility for social issues affecting New Zealanders, provide care to those who need it, and together work hard to look after our neighbors, neighborhoods and communities. Social Responsibility is everyones Responsibility. Trust Vision Our vision is about creating positive change. We want Kiwis to be more caring of their communities and those who live in them. We want them to be more aware of the issues facing their communities and to be inspired to take action and help resolve them. Trust Activities Provide an online information and education resource about socially responsible initiatives taking place around New Zealand Through research, assess the work being done to address New Zealands social issues in order to highlight successes, as well as identifying where improvement is needed Based on the above, inspire, encourage and support individuals and corporate in particular to undertake socially responsible behaviour. For example, this may take the form of educational seminars in schools, communities and businesses which teach people about the simple actions they can take in order to make a positive difference. Research Research will play a key role in helping FOStR NZ achieve its vision. Research will help ensure we are always dealing with the facts and will therefore add all-important credibility to FOStR NZ and our work. Our own researchers will work collaboratively with third parties such as NGOs, tertiary institutions and government agencies in order to gain a sound understanding of New Zealands social responsibility landscape. In particular we want to: Identify and understand the key social issues affecting New Zealand today Define what social responsibility means to New Zealanders Understand what socially responsible activity is already happening, region by region, and measure the outcomes Identify any gaps which social issues are not being addressed? Word Counter: 839

Of Mice and Men :: English Literature

With its appealing elements of naivet, humour and pathos Of Mice And Men is Steinbeck's tableau of the oppressed in post-depression US society. It has strong imagery, decisive action, authentic dialogue and cinematic tension. Would you say this novel is a classic and successful? Why? I will first explore whether I think "Of Mice and Men" is worthy of the reputation linked with a term, in my opinion, too widely used in the world of literature. The word I am referring to of course is "classic". The definition of a "classic" is a great and timeless book or work of art. Therefore I am going to temporarily re-phrase the title question for ease of comprehension and explanation to: "Would you say this novel is great, timeless and successful? Why?" This will enable me to deal with the true meaning of the term "classic" at the same time as formulating an opinion of whether Steinbeck's "Of Mice and Men" deserves this prestigious title. Firstly, is this novel great? Well, it certainly isn't great in magnitude, i.e. the size of the book is not that which we would associate with such a rated book. It only has six chapters and the story takes place in quite a short space of time. However, the definition of greatness in this instance does not mean "huge" or "vast" it means "wonderful" and "important". In my opinion the novel is great in this way. It displays affection, emotion, friendship and love, as well as loneliness, discrimination, prejudice and anger. These are all basic human qualities and liabilities, which makes the novel both wonderful and important in a way that few people will ever really understand. Even though I don't know what Steinbeck's inspiration and reason for writing this novel was I personally respect the way in which he sums up such important parts of life in six short chapters. These are the only reasons I found to justify why "Of Mice and Men" should be classed as "great", however there are countless reasons for this novel to be classed as "timeless". The moral issues and difficulties of the people in this book are still relevant in the world today and I feel that people all over the world will be able to empathise on a metaphorical level with George and Lennie's struggles in realising their dream. The first question to address when looking at "Of Mice and Men" as a timeless novel is: 'What are the predominant moral issues hidden in this novel, how are they relevant today and will they still be relevant in the future?' This is a difficult question to face with a novel such as this, as the author does not exaggerate exactly what the

Differentiation Strategy Essay

In this paper work we will talk about Differentiation Strategy. In contrast to the cost leadership strategy, implementation of a differentiation strategy means that value is provided to customers through the unique features and characteristics of a company’s products rather than by the lowest price. Because differentiated products satisfy customers’ unique needs or preferences, companies can charge premium prices for differentiated products. For the company to be able to outperform its competitors and earn above-average returns, the price charged for the differentiated product must exceed the cost of differentiation. In other words, the price charged must exceed total product cost. Because of this, the differentiated product’s premium prices generally exceed the low price of the standard product. Companies that follow a differentiation strategy concentrate or focus on product innovation and developing product features that customers value rather than on maintaining the lowest competitive price (as is the case for the cost leadership strategy). Products can be differentiated in a number of ways so that they stand apart from standardised products: superior quality unusual or unique features more responsive customer service rapid product innovation advanced technological features engineering design additional features an image of prestige or status For example Intel uses speed, innovation, and manufacturing techniques as bases of uniqueness. The company’s focus throughout its primary and secondary value-creating activities is on establishing the importance of quality, accuracy, speed, and responsiveness. The focus is also on understanding and meeting customers’ unique preferences and monitoring the speed, reliability, and quality of activities provided by others that interface with the company’s inbound and outbound logistics. |Differentiating Features That Raise the Performance a User Gets | |To enhance the performance a buyer gets from using its |Meet the buyer’s needs and requirements more completely, | |product/service, a company can incorporate features and |compared to competitors’ offerings. | |attributes that |Give buyers the option to add on or to upgrade later as new | |Provide buyers greater reliability, durability, convenience,|product versions come on the market. | |or ease of use. |Give buyers more flexibility to tailor their own products to| |Make the company’s product/service cleaner, safer, quieter, |the needs of their customers. | |or more maintenance-free than rival brands. |Do a better job of meeting the buyer’s future growth and | |Exceed environmental or regulatory standards. |expansion requirements. | Source: Adapted from Michael E. Porter, Competitive Advantage, (New York: Free Press, 1985).   However, companies following differentiation strategies cannot completely ignore costs and the need for minimal spending on process-related innovations. A company that successfully implements a differentiation strategy can earn above-average returns even when the five competitive forces are strong. Rivalry with Existing Competitors Achieving customer loyalty means differentiating products in ways that are meaningful to customers. Brand loyalty means that customers will be less sensitive to price increases. As long as the company satisfies the differentiated needs of loyal customers, it may be insulated from price-based competition. Bargaining Power of Buyers (Customers) Through meaningful differentiation, companies develop products that are considered unique. This uniqueness may insulate the company from competitive rivalry and reduce customer sensitivity to price increases (similar to the insulation from rivalry with  existing competitors). By satisfying customer preferences in ways that no competitor can, companies also are able to charge higher prices (because there are no comparable product alternatives). Bargaining Power of Suppliers Because the differentiator charges premium prices, they are somewhat insulated from suppliers’ price increases (as the differentiator can absorb a greater level of cost increases from powerful suppliers through its higher margins). Alternatively, because of lower price sensitivity by customers, differentiators may be able to raise prices to cover increased supplier-related costs. Because of the differentiator’s focus on product quality and responsiveness to customer preferences, suppliers also may be forced to provide differentiators with higher quality materials, components, or services. Potential Entrants The principal barrier to entry is customers’ loyalty to the uniquely differentiated brand. This means that a potential entrant must either overcome (or surpass) the uniqueness of existing products or provide similarly differentiated products at a lower price to increase customer value. Product Substitutes Brand loyalty may effectively insulate differentiated products from substitutes. Without brand loyalty, customers may switch to substitutes that offer similar features at a lower price or to products offering more attractive features at the same price. Like the cost leadership strategy, the differentiation strategy also carries risks.   Customers may decide that the cost of uniqueness is too high. In other words, the price differential between the standardised and differentiated product is too high. Perhaps the company provides a greater level of uniqueness than customers are willing to pay for. The company’s means of differentiation no longer provides value to customers. For instance, what is the value of prestige or exclusivity? And, how long will they last as customers become more  sophisticated? Customer learning may reduce the customer’s perception of the value of the company’s differentiation. Through experience, customers may learn that the extra price paid for a differentiated product no longer has the value that it once did. This loss of value through customer learning or changes in customer perceptions can be illustrated by the experiences of IBM. Initially, the IBM name on a personal computer signalled value to customers; however, clones soon challenged IBM’s pre-eminent position in the PC market. As customers learned that the clone machines offered similar features at lower prices, the value attached to the IBM brand name diminished and IBM’s sales continue to suffer. A fourth risk is concerned with counterfeiting. Increasingly, counterfeit goods (products that attempt to convey differentiated features to customers at significantly reduced prices) are a concern for many companies using the differentiated strategy. In the event of any of the above, differentiators are challenged to increase value to customers. This may mean reducing prices, adding product features without raising prices, or developing new efficiencies in its value chain of primary and secondary activities.

Why did Mexico experience an economic boom between about 1 essays

Why did Mexico experience an economic boom between about 1 essays Why did Mexico experience an economic boom between about 1940 and 1982 and why did it come to an end? The Mexican Revolution which was between 1910 and 1920 caused much disorder to the Mexican economy. The labour force experienced a huge deterioration and the population declined too. The livestock supply was used up, because many cattle were lost due to the negative effects of enemy forces. Many of the farm workers left their fields unattended because of the fighting therefore coffee and cotton went unharvested and this meant much less productivity resulting from agriculture. Transport was affected so no goods or products could be distributed. The currency was wiped out and general chaos was the order of the day. Slowly Mexico began the healing process. In the 1930s the industrial sectors such as manufacturing began to recover due to the nationalization of the railways and the petrol industry. As well as the industrial side of the country, the agricultural industry began to flourish as well. The need for urban employment rose because the home market was increasing. During World War II Mexico made much contribution, however it was mainly economic. They supplied labourers and raw materials to the USA and by the end of the war in 1945 they had doubled the value of their exports. After World War II, President Miguel Aleman Valdess(1946-52) full-scale import-substitution program stimulated output by boosting internal demand. He raised import controls on consumer goods but not on capital goods. From 1946 to 1970 the four leaders of Mexico sustained close relations with the USA which proved to be much help in getting Mexico out of its economic depression. Mexico's narrow development strategy produced continued economic growth of 3 to 4 percent and modest 3 percent inflation annually from the 1940s until the late 60s. (Reference) The domestic market would prove to be a saviour for Mexico therefore...

Consequentialistic and Virtue ethics

Consequentialistic and Virtue ethics Graham (2000) notes that, â€Å"consequentialism theory states that every behavior should be taken to maximize happiness† (p.143).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Consequentialistic and Virtue ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hurthouse (2000) adds that ,â€Å"consequentialism refers to moral theories that hold that the consequences of a particular action form the basis for any valid moral judgment about that action or create a structure for judgment†(p.5).In other words, as long as the end product is good, the action is also termed as good. Hurtson (2000) states that, â€Å"this theory operates under the principle of the end justifies the mean† (p.5). Graham (2004) also adds that, â€Å"a morally right action is one that produces a good outcome or consequence† (p.144). How Consequentialistic Theory may be used by Eastern Producers The Eastern textile industries manufacture many text ile products.These textile products are then used domestically and others are exported. Wang Zhang (2008) notes that, â€Å"the textile industries in the Eastern countries and specifically in China have raised a lot of disputes with the Western countries† (p.134). So as to justify its actions, China can make use of the consequentialism theory. To start with, the textile industry in China has promoted the local economy and the GDP to a large extent. Chow (2007) notes that, â€Å"textile industry in China is a traditional pillar industry and a livelihood industry as it is an important source of China’s foreign exchange earning and capital accumulation† (p.323). Wang Zhang (2008) also note that, â€Å"China’s textile industry is believed to have set low prices for its products in major international markets, and thus improves the real income level of consumers who buy their commodities†(p.323). The textile industries in China have also created emplo yment for a good number of people. Chow (2007) notes that, â€Å"China industry has employed more than twenty million people and is of great benefit to more than a thousand cotton farmers† (p.323).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Brown et al. (2005) notes that, â€Å"the contribution of the textile industry to overall output and employment attracted considerable attention as many textile mills are state-owned enterprises with substantial workforces that directly contributes to the local economy† (p. 30). Brown et al. (2005) also notes that, â€Å"China acts as both a significant exporter and importer of wool textile products with trade flows servicing different segments of the market† (p. 31).Thus, we can see that the textile industry in China gives yield to a positive outcome, hence its actions are justified according to the consequentialism t heory. Secondly, China’s textile industry produces clothes that are cheap and of good quality to its customers. Chow (2007) notes that, â€Å"the textile industries in China solve more than ten billion domestic residents dress issue† (p.323). Brown et al (2005) also notes that, â€Å"the trade disputes between the United States of America and China can hardly stop the American consumers from buying textile products from China as they are of good quality† (p.324). Thus, it is clear that China’s textile industry maximizes the happiness of its consumers by providing them with affordable and durable products, hence the consequentialism theory holds true. Thirdly, the textile industries in China have led to China being recognized as the second largest economy. Chow (2007) notes that, â€Å"over the years, China’s economy has greatly grown and China has been recognized as the world’s dominant supplier in textile industries as well as the second l argest economy globally† (p.310). Brown et al. (2005) also notes that, â€Å"textile industry is in a constant state of flux in response to economic growth as demand patters and supply conditions change† (p.30).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Consequentialistic and Virtue ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moore (2002) also notes that, â€Å"the China textile industry has enjoyed much benefits under the Multi Fiber Agreement (MFA) and thus has the potential to perform better economically in an international environment â€Å"(p.182). Yager (2005) also notes that, â€Å"China is expected to be the largest economy in the next decade† (p. 10). Brown et al. (20050 also notes that, â€Å"textile exports in China has increased and covers losses in sectors like agriculture and automobile manufacturing which do not fair well† (p.30). From these arguments, it’s clear that the textile industries have empowered the country economically. As this is a positive outcome that is of great benefit to both the citizens and the country, then by consequentialism theory, China’s production of cheap textiles is justified. Finally, the textile industry in China has led to a higher profit margin in the retail trade. Moore (2002) notes that, â€Å"China has lowered import duties which increases the competitiveness of Chinese finished goods† (p. 182). Chow (2007) states that, â€Å"by the US transferring technology and manufacturing industries to China, a high cost of Chinese imports to the US consumers will go to US traders and distributors, so that the profits of selling Chinese products in the Us market will contribute to US GNP† (p. 323). Brown et al. (2005) also notes that, â€Å"China produces high quality and low price goods† (p.323). As a result of this, retailers are able to buy these products and sell them at a higher price. Thus, the textil e industry benefits the retailers to a great extent and this makes the textile industry in China justified. How the Consequentialistic Ethic may be used by Western Consumer Groups The consequentialistic ethic can also be used by the Western consumer groups in their opposition against the production of cheap textiles by industries in China. To start with, Chow (2007) notes that, â€Å"textile industry causes serious environmental pollution due to the printing and the dyeing that takes place in industries† (p.323).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The western countries can argue that due to production of cheap textiles, there is usually high demand of the textile products which leads to increased production. Increased production on the other hand increases environmental pollution. Since environmental pollution affects the health of human beings, then it does not cause happiness to human beings.According to the consequentialism theory, the activities of the textile industries in China do yield a negative impact and thus their actions are not justified. Secondly, the production of cheap textiles by industries in China has led to a downfall of the Western textile industries. This is so because of the availability of China’s textiles in their country which makes most people prefer to buy the China textiles. Yager (2005) states that, â€Å"China’s textile products have caused much disruption in the market and are a threat to an orderly development of trade in the US and EU† (P.30).This has been a cause of alar m in these countries. Yager (2005) notes that, â€Å"the US have had to seek help from a Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreement (CITA) so as to come up with ways in which the impact of China’s textile products can be minimized† (p.30). Brown et al. (2005) notes that, â€Å"CITA has laid strategies on how to control China’s exports in the US† (P.324). From these arguments, it is clear that China’s textile industry has caused many demerits than benefits to the American economy. Thus, the activities of the China’s textile industry are not justified by the consequentialism theory as they do not cause happiness to the American population. Finally, the Western countries have had to move transfer their technology and manufacturing industries to the Eastern countries. Chow (2007) states that, â€Å"the US government has had to move foreign investments and technology to China so as to cope with the competition in textile industriesâ⠂¬  (p.323). This movement makes people to be foreigners in another country whereas they could stay and enjoy with their relatives and friend in their own country. Since this is not a favorable outcome to the people in Western countries, then according to the consequentialism theory, the activities of China’s textile industries are not justified. The Merits of the Consequentialism Theory given that it can Support Both Sides The consequentialism theory has many merits over other ethics theories. Anderson (1995) notes that, â€Å"the consequentialistic theory promises to provide a single, simple premise and determinate procedure of justification that employs objective calculation to overcome disputes over what to do† (p.440. China is able to justify its action of producing cheap textiles due to the positive outcomes that its activities yield by creating a premise and justifying it. For instance China claims that its manufacture of cheap textile products helps to improve the economy and the GDP. Since this is a positive outcome, then by the determinate procedure, the activities of China’s textile industry are justified. On the other hand, the Western countries will pick a premise like, production of cheap products by China’s textile industries cause environmental pollution which is a negative outcome. By the determinate procedure, the activities of China’s textile industries will not be justified. Secondly, the consequentialism theory maximizes value. Anderson (1995) states that, â€Å"people seek to maximize value by sending their children to best schools, by ensuring that they obtain the maximum value of their money and by making the best of a bad day† (p.44). In this case, China justifies its production of cheap textile industries by the end results. Some of these end results include: promoting the local economy and GDP, providing cheap clothes to customers and gaining popularity as the second largest economy in the w orld. On the other hand, the Western consumers seek to maximize their value by criticizing China actions like those of exporting cheap products to their countries. Finally, the consequentialistic theory applies specific social concepts. Anderson (1995) notes that, â€Å"consequentialism follows a long tradition in western philosophy that contrasts reason with emotions and social norms and that seeks independent perspective from which our emotions and social practices can be criticized†(p.43). By applying these social concepts, both China and the Western countries are able to justify their arguments. For instance, the Western consumers argue that the mass production of textiles by China leads to environmental pollution, which is not socially acceptable. On the other hand, China’s textile industries boast of having improved the local economy and the GDP among other achievements that are socially acceptable. Thus, the consequentialistic theory is able to support both side s as long as each party is able to justify its arguments in relation to behavior that creates maximum happiness for all. How Producers in China’s Textile Industry can Use the Ethic of Virtue Graham (2004) notes that, â€Å"virtue ethics seeks to answer the question, what is good life for human beings?† (p.61). Swanton (2005) adds that, â€Å"ones morality is judged by the presence or absence of virtues which are described by words like good, bad, outgoing, lazy and intelligent† (p.120). Gardiner (2005) also states that, â€Å"Aristotle recognizes that some things are done for their own sake, end in themselves, while other things are done for the sake of others, means to other ends† (p. 47). The manufacturers of textiles in China industries may use the ethics of virtue to respond to the consumers in Western countries in several ways. To start with, the consumers in Western countries argue that mass production of cheap textiles to meet the high demand of ch eap textiles leads to environmental pollution. So as to respond to this using the virtue theory, China can argue that their production of cheap textiles is usually out of good intentions. For instance, they can argue that they aim at enabling people of all social classes to have access to decent clothes and at an affordable price. At the same time, producers in China textile industries can argue that their products lead to an improved global economy and an increased GDP, all which are good for the country. Secondly, the consumers in Western countries argue that the production of cheap textiles has led to the fall of Western textile industries. By use of virtue ethics, the producers in China textile industries can argue that they do not produce cheap textiles with the ill intent of causing a downfall in the Western textile industries, but they do so as to improve the local economy. Finally, consumers in the Western countries argue that they have had to transfer their technology and m anufacturing industries to China. By use of virtue theory, the Eastern countries can argue that their intentions for the Western textile industries markets are not ill as they do allow these foreign industries to operate from their countries as they make GNP for their home countries. In conclusion, both the consequentialistic and the virtue theory can be used to support the existence of textile industries that produce cheap textile in the Eastern countries. By use of the consequentialistic ethics, Eastern countries can justify their industries by use of positive end results that they achieve. Some of these end results include improved local economy and GDP, recognition as the world’s second largest economy, provision of cheap and high quality textiles to customers and a high profit margin in retail trade. By use of the virtue ethics, the Eastern countries are able to justify their production of cheap textiles. On the other hand, Western consumers are able to oppose textile pr oducers in the Eastern countries by use of consequentialistic theory. Finally, the merits of the consequentialistic theory over other theories in ethics have been discussed. Some of these benefits includes: availability of a clear procedure to be followed in the theory whereby on builds a premise and later justifies it, its ability to maximize value and its reliance on specific social concepts. References Anderson, E. (1995) Value in ethics and economics. London, Harvard University Press. Brown, C., Wardron, S., Longworth, J. (2005) Modernizing China’s industries: lessons from wool and wool textiles. London, Edward Elgar. Chow, G. (2007) China’s economic transformation. New York, Wiley Black-well. Gardiner, S. (2005) Virtue ethics, old and new. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Graham, G. (2004) Eight theories of ethics. London, Routledge. Hurthouse, R. (2000). Ethics, humans and other animals: an introduction with readings. Routledge Moore, T. (2002) China in the world market: Chinese industry and international sources of reform. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Swanton, C. (2005) Virtual ethics: a pluralistic Wang, G. Zhang (2008) China and the new international order. London, Routledge. Yager, L. (2005) US-China trade: textile safeguard procedures should be improved. London, Diane.

Answering the questionaries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Answering the questionaries - Essay Example Similarly, I am very altruistic, which often seems like a weakness in this rational and materialistic world. However, all these strengths and weaknesses have made me a stable and realistic person, who can bring some change in this globe. As earlier mentioned in my personal statement, I have always been curious to know the reason of my existence, and this curiosity brought me closer to underprivileged and stressed people. My intellectual competence has allowed me to analyze the change that can be brought by dentists around the globe. My concern for others, and intellectual curiosity has prompted me to pursue dentistry. During the last couple of years, I got the opportunity to work with different people from diverse backgrounds, and it helped me understand the way people work and communicate with each other. Effective articulation of language and academic understanding are some of the imperative factors that helped me in working effectively with colleagues during my individual research at Madison, Wisconsin, as well as, during other associations at UW-Madison Pre-Dental Society. Self-esteem and a desire to learn are some of the factors that stand me out from rest of the applicants. It is very important that an individual should be able to incorporate her academic ability with stability, which is one of the important requirements for being a competitive applicant. During the learning process, individuals have to work under different supervisions, as well as, work according to the instructions, and therefore, a person should be emotional matured enough to learn and work, in order to become one of the successful individuals in this globe. Our globe is a practical world that respects people with rationale, and therefore, it is imperative that individuals should set and organize realistic goals, in order to prolong learning process and achieve the

DQ1 Week 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DQ1 Week 1 - Essay Example This essentially means that an ordinary Internet search will miss out on the vast resources hidden within the deep Web. To appreciate the importance of the deep Web one has only to look at Bergman (2001) findings. To begin with, the deep Web is not only 400 to 550 times larger than the surface Web but is also the largest growing category of new information on the Internet. Also, Bergman (2001) argued that the deep Web’s content quality surpasses that of the surface Web by a factor ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 times. Most of all this content is highly relevant to most information needs. This element of relevance to most information needs implies that both academia and business should find access to the deep Web’s resources important. The world’s biggest search engine, Google was conceived by Sergey Brin and Larry Page when they faced difficulty in finding relevant academic data in the then early Web. Access to relevant, current and quality information is the crux of academia. With conventional search engines accessing only about 16% of the information available on the World Wide Web (LaGuardia Community College 2012) academic researchers risk losing out on a vast resource of information-rich literature content. This is especially true given Lewandowski and Mayr (2006) findings that: firstly, more and more scholarly content are being provided on the Internet and secondly, that researchers are increasingly consulting general-purpose Internet search engines to retrieve these scholarly documents. In addition to this on-going digitization projects are contributing to the continuous growth of the Invisible Web. In light of this, Academia the importance of accessing the deep Web to academia cannot be gainsai d. Researchers have no option but to devise better tools and techniques to enable better and greater access into this information-rich â€Å"portal† of knowledge referred to as the deep Web. On the other hand, business